type 1 diabetes heritability - Type 1 diabetes T1D 2 a buah yg dipantang penderita diabetes multifactorial disease with a strong genetic component is caused by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells The major T1D susceptibility locus maps to the HLA class II genes at 6p21 and accounts for up to 3050 of genetic T1D risk 1 Other nonHLA T1D loci in combination have smaller effects on Type 2 diabetes has a stronger link to family history and lineage than type 1 and studies of twins have shown that genetics play a very strong role in the development of type 2 diabetes Race can also play a role Yet it also depends on environmental factors Lifestyle also influences the development of type 2 diabetes Type 1 diabetes heterogeneity in heritability The Lancet Abstract Type 1 diabetes T1D results from immunemediated loss of pancreatic beta cells leading to insulin deficiency It is the most common form of diabetes in children and its incidence is on the rise This article reviews the current knowledge on the genetics of T1D In particular we discuss the influence of HLA and nonHLA genes on T1D Is Diabetes Genetic The Hereditary Risk of Type 1 Diabetes WebMD Type 1 diabetes genomewide association studies not to be lost in Type 1 diabetes can by inference have different presentations but irrespective of the age at onset management to limit disease progression could involve similar therapies across the agerange targeting adaptive innate and regulatory immunity as well as βcell stress 110 The lower heritability in olderonset cases does raise the 1 If the parent had diabetes before age 11 the childs chances double 2 If both parents have it the odds could be as high as 1 in 4 3 If the parent also has a condition called type 2 Utility of genetic risk scores in type 1 diabetes PMC Type 1 diabetes T1D is a chronic immunemediated disease causing attrition and diabetes cause cataract death of the insulinproducing pancreatic β cells resulting in a lifelong requirement for exogenous insulin The heritability obtained from twin and sibling studies ranges from 04 to 092 10 12 40 41 42 That is assuming the heritability estimates are Genetics of Diabetes American Diabetes Association The potential sources of missing heritability of type 1 diabetes GG interaction genegene interaction GE interaction geneenvironment interaction 31 Genetic variants with small effect sizes The first theory is that the GWAS approach cannot capture variants with small effect sizes A very stringent threshold value is used to Genetics of Type 1 Diabetes Diabetes in America NCBI Bookshelf Genetics of type 1 diabetes PMC PubMed Central PMC Decades of studies demonstrate that 50 of risk for type 1 diabetes T1D is heritable 1 The first loci linked to T1D were the HLA genes that have the largest effect size of any T1D susceptibility locus followed by linkage of the insulin VNTR to T1D 2 3 Linkage studies have given way to genomewide association studies GWAS that Genetics Coming of Age in Type 1 Diabetes The missing heritability in type 1 diabetes PMC Heritability of type 1 diabetes Twin and family studies provided evidence for a substantial heritable component of type 1 diabetes which declines substantially with increasing age at diagnosis 6 813 1618Concordance rates within monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs suggest a risk of 50 and 8 respectively 913 1618Sibling concordance rates range from 6 to 10 with a Type 1 diabetes is a complex disease that has both genetic and environmental determinants Based on twin and family studies from largely Europeanancestry populations the estimated contribution of genetic factors to type 1 diabetes risk is 50 Genes and their variants within the human major histocompatibility complex MHC the human leukocyte antigen HLA loci including class I HLAA Genetics of Type 1 Diabetes bahaya kopi hitam untuk diabetes PMC PubMed Central PMC
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